| Titre : | Black Lives Matter: Renewed Racism in the USA in the Twenty-First Century |
| Auteurs : | Bennacef Kheira Ines, Auteur ; Dr. Raouti, Directeur de thèse |
| Type de document : | texte imprimé |
| Editeur : | Dr. Moulay Tahar University, Saida Faculty of Letters, Languages and Arts Department of English Language and Literature, 2023-2024 |
| Format : | 62p / CD |
| Langues: | Anglais |
| Catégories : | |
| Mots-clés: | African-Americans, America, Black Lives Matter, Prejudice, Racism. |
| Résumé : | Racism is the belief that certain races are superior or inferior to others; it always leads to discrimination and prejudice. Unfortunately, in the United States of America, black individuals are unfairly paying the price of historical injustices. The current research paper aims to examine how racism started and developed over time in America, as well as how different murder cases started a movement called Black Lives Matter. This is an important topic because it focuses on the historical background of African Americans, providing us with a better understanding of the challenges they went through and how they turned their struggles and suffering into a force to fight racism and obtain their basic rights. To accomplish the study‟s main objective, a historical method approach was conducted, in which historical articles and documents were examined to gather information. The findings revealed that even though Abraham Lincoln abolished slavery, he did not end racial discrimination against black people, and the issue that started in the 19th century continued to have an impact in the 20th century and the 21st century. The issue of racism and racial prejudice has always been a sensitive topic in America. Racism existed for centuries, and what it did is still impacting black individuals. Therefore, people should read about history and educate themselves about what black people have endured since the moment they were captured by the British colonies, which might help decrease the hate against colored-skinned people. |
| Note de contenu : |
Table of Contents
General Introduction .............................................................................................................01 Chapter One: The Roots of Racial Inequality in the U.S 1.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………………………….04 1.2 Slavery Era ……………………………………………………………………………...04 1.2.1 The Slave Trade Act of 1807…………………………………………………...………06 1.2.2 The Early Slave Revolts ………………………………………………….…………….06 1.2.3 Free Blacks ……………………………………………………………………………..07 1.2.4 Civil War and the Abolition of Slavery 1861-1865…………………………………….07 1.2.5The Emancipation Proclamation………………………………………………………...08 1.3 The Reconstruction Era………………………. ………………………………………...08 1.3.1 The Negro Church……………………………………………………………………..08 1.3.2 The Negro School………………………………………………………………………09 1.3.3 Freedmen‟s Bureau ……………………………………………………………………09 1.3.4 The 13th, 14th and 15th Amendment 1865-1870………………………………………...09 1.3.5 Black Codes ……………………………………………………………………………10 1.3.6 The Ku Klux Klan …………………………………….. ……………………………...10 1.4 Jim Crow Laws and Segregation “Separate but Equal”…………………………………10 1.5 The Civil Rights Movements ……………………………. ……………………………12 1.5.1 The Strategies of Dr.Martin Luther King Jr and Malcolm X …………………………13 1.5.2 Bus Boycott 1955…………………………………... ………………………………….13 1.5.3 The Little Rock Nine 1957……………………………………………………………...13 1.5.4 The Sit-In Movement 1960 …………………………………………………………….14 VIII 1.6. Racism in the United States …………………………………………………………….14 1.6.1Individual Racism………………………………………………………………………15 1.6.2Internalized Racism…………………………………………………………………….16 1.6.3 Institutionalized racism……………………………………………………………...16 1.7 Renewed Racism ……………………………………………………………………….17 1.7.1 The Justice System ……………………………………………………………………17 1.7.2 The Health Section ……………………………………………………………………18 1.7.3 Educational section …………………………………………………………………..19 1.7.4 Neighborhoods ………………………………………………………………………..19 1.7.5 Redlining ………………………………………………………………………………20 1.8 Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………..22 Chapter Two: The Emergence of Black Lives Matter and its Counter Movements 2.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………………………….23 2.2 Black lives Matter ………………………………………………………………………..23 2.2.1 From #BlackLivesMatter to Black Lives Matter Movement…………………………...24 2.2.2 The Founders of BLM…………………………………………………………………..26 2.2.3 Strategies and Tactics of the Black Lives Matter Movement……………………….…27 2.2.4 The Goals of the Movement ………………………………………….……………….28 2.3 Police Brutality …………………………………………………………………………..29 2.3.1 Police Training …………………………………………………………………...…..30 2.3.2 Racial Profiling ………………………………………………………………………...30 2.4 Negative Critics of the Movement ………………………………………………..…31 2.4.1Black Lives Matter Counter-protests……………………………………………………32 2.4.1.1White Lives Matter……………………………………………………………………32 2.4.1.2 Blue Lives Matter …………………………………………………………………….32 IX 2.5 All Lives Matter vs. Black Lives Matter ……………………………………………….33 2.6 BLM Achievements ……………………………………………………………………..36 2.7 Conclusion ……………………………………………………………………………...37 Chapter Three: Daddy changed the world 3.1 Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………39 3.2 The Role of Social Media Platforms ……………………………………………………..39 3.3 International Protests …………………………………………………………….……..40 3.3.1 Black Lives Matter in Europe ………………………………………………………….40 3.3.1.1 The Protests in United Kingdom …………………………………………..…………41 3.3.1.2 The Protests in Germany ………………………………………………………..……43 3.3.1.3 The Protests in France ………………………………………………………………..44 3.3.1.4 The Protests in Italy ………………………………………………………………....44 3.3.1.5 The Protests in Sweden ………………………………………………………………45 3.3.1.6 The Protests in Spain …………………………………………………………………45 3.3.2 Black lives Matter in South America ………………………………………………….46 3.3.2.1 The Protests in Colombia ………………………………………………………….....46 3.3.2.2 The Protests in Brazil …………………………………………………………...……47 3.3.2.4 The Protests in Mexico……………………………………………………………….47 3.3.3 Black Lives Matter in Asia……………………………………………………………..48 3.3.3.1 The Protests in Japan ………………………………………………………………..48 3.3.3.2 The Protests in Thailand ……………………………………………………….……49 3.3.3.3 The Protests in South Korea………………………………..………………………50 3.3.4 Black Lives Matter Movement in Oceania ……………………………….………….50 X 3.3.4.1 The Protests in Australia …………………………………………………..…………50 3.3.4.2Black Lives Matter in New Zealand …………………………………………..…….51 3.3.5 Black Lives Matter in the Arab Countries ………………………………….………….51 3.3.5.1 The Protests in Tunisia ………………………………………………………………52 3.4 Conclusion……………………………………………… ……………………………...53 General Conclusion………………………………………………………………………….54 Works cited ………………………………………………………………………………….56 |
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